If you’re looking to protect your valuable carpets, I recommend choosing high-quality, acid-free tissue papers that meet archival standards, preventing yellowing, fading, and deterioration over time. Options like RYKOMO or Fainne offer large sheets and bulk packs suitable for long-term storage and wrapping. Their breathability, eco-friendliness, and tear resistance make them ideal for safeguarding delicate textiles. Keep exploring to find out which tissue paper best suits your needs and guarantees your treasures stay pristine.
Key Takeaways
- Look for acid-free, lignin-free tissue paper to prevent yellowing and fiber degradation of your carpets.
- Select high-quality, tear-resistant materials meeting ASTM or ISO standards for long-term preservation.
- Choose appropriately sized sheets or rolls for effective wrapping and minimal waste during storage.
- Opt for eco-friendly, recyclable tissue to support sustainable preservation practices.
- Prioritize trusted brands offering consistent quality and bulk options for cost-effective, reliable protection.
RYKOMO 200 Sheets 15 x 20 Inch Acid Free Archival Tissue Paper
If you’re looking for reliable archival tissue paper to protect your valuable textiles, documents, or artwork, the RYKOMO 200 Sheets 15 x 20 Inch Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper is an excellent choice. Each sheet is high-quality, unbuffered, lignin-free, and designed specifically for preservation. With 200 sheets, it’s perfect for wrapping, storing, or safeguarding delicate items like textiles, photographs, or collectibles. The lightweight yet durable paper resists tearing, fading, and discoloration, ensuring your items stay protected over time. Plus, its neutral white color and easy shaping make it versatile for crafts and gift wrapping, making it a top pick for preservation needs.
Best For: individuals or professionals seeking high-quality, archival-grade tissue paper to protect delicate textiles, artwork, documents, and collectibles over time.
Pros:
- Acid-free and lignin-free, ensuring long-term preservation of sensitive items
- Durable, tear-resistant, and resistant to fading and discoloration
- Versatile for wrapping, crafting, gift wrapping, and display purposes
Cons:
- The weight of 15 units is unspecified, which may impact handling or storage planning for some users
- Limited to white color, offering less variety for decorative or aesthetic purposes
- Price may be higher compared to standard tissue papers not designed for archival use
Simetufy 32 Sheets White Tissue Paper for Gift Bags
Looking for a reliable tissue paper that protects delicate gifts and collections? Simetufy’s 32 sheets of white tissue paper are perfect. Each sheet measures 24 x 36 inches, making them versatile for gift bags, crafts, and storage. Made from high-quality, acid-free, recyclable paper, they safeguard fragile items from humidity and light. The 44 GSM weight provides durability without tearing easily, even when folded or cut. Customers love the large size and sturdy material, rating it 4.6 out of 5 stars. Whether for holiday wrapping, event decorations, or art projects, this tissue paper offers a safe, eco-friendly option for all your protective needs.
Best For: those seeking durable, eco-friendly tissue paper for gift wrapping, crafts, small business packaging, and event decoration.
Pros:
- Large 24 x 36 inch sheets provide ample material for various uses
- High-quality, acid-free, recyclable paper offers protection and safety for delicate items
- Versatile and durable, withstands cutting, crinkling, folding, and gluing
Cons:
- May be too large for small or minimalistic gift wrapping needs
- Limited color options, only available in white
- Heavier weight (44 GSM) might be less suitable for very delicate or lightweight applications
RYKOMO 100 Sheets 24 x 36 Inch Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper
The RYKOMO 100 Sheets 24 x 36 Inch Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper is an ideal choice for anyone serious about protecting delicate items like photographs, textiles, and documents. Its unbuffered, lignin-free, and acid-free design prevents degradation over time, ensuring long-term preservation. Each large sheet is lightweight yet durable, resistant to tearing and fading, making it easy to fold, shape, or cut for various projects. With 100 sheets, there’s plenty to handle multiple items or share. Its fine air permeability helps guard against humidity and environmental damage, making it a versatile, reliable option for safeguarding collectibles, artwork, and family heirlooms.
Best For: collectors, archivists, and hobbyists seeking to preserve delicate items like photographs, textiles, documents, and collectibles long-term.
Pros:
- Acid-free, lignin-free material ensures safe preservation without degradation over time
- Large 24 x 36-inch sheets provide ample coverage for multiple items or projects
- Durable yet lightweight, easy to fold, cut, and shape for various preservation needs
Cons:
- May be more expensive than standard tissue paper due to archival quality
- Bulk size can be cumbersome for small-scale or casual users
- Requires careful handling to avoid tearing during delicate wrapping or shaping
25 Sheets Acid-Free Tissue Paper
For anyone seeking reliable protection for delicate and valuable items, sheets of acid-free tissue paper offer an excellent solution. The TOYMIS 25 Sheets of acid-free, archival-quality tissue measure 20 x 30 inches, making them versatile for wrapping and storing fragile belongings. Made from lightweight, breathable paper, they prevent damage caused by acids, ensuring long-term preservation of textiles, artwork, photographs, and antiques. Users appreciate their durability, ease of use, and ability to safeguard items during storage or gifting. Whether protecting vintage linens or delicate collectibles, these sheets provide a reliable, acid-free barrier that keeps your treasures safe over time.
Best For: anyone needing reliable, acid-free protection for delicate items such as artwork, textiles, photographs, and collectibles during storage or gifting.
Pros:
- Archival quality, acid-free paper ensures long-term preservation without damage
- Versatile size of 20×30 inches suitable for wrapping various items
- Lightweight and breathable, easy to fold, cut, and shape for different uses
Cons:
- Slight variations in size and color may occur due to manual manufacturing and monitor differences
- Limited to 25 sheets per package, which may not suffice for large-scale projects
- Made in China, which might be a consideration for those seeking domestic or eco-friendly sourcing
200 Pcs Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper for Storing Clothes and Textiles
If you need reliable protection for your delicate clothes and textiles, acid-free archival tissue paper is an excellent choice. I recommend the 200 Pcs Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper, which includes 20×30-inch sheets made from high-quality, lignin-free, breathable material. It’s perfect for wrapping, cushioning, and storing items safely, keeping them free from moisture, dust, and damage. The lightweight, durable sheets are easy to cut and shape, making them versatile for clothes, jewelry, photos, or small objects. Plus, their acid-free nature guarantees that your textiles won’t deteriorate over time, providing long-lasting preservation and peace of mind.
Best For: individuals and professionals seeking safe, long-term storage and protection of delicate clothes, textiles, jewelry, photos, and small valuables.
Pros:
- Acid-free and lignin-free material prevents deterioration of stored items.
- Large sheets (20×30 inches) are versatile and easy to customize by cutting or folding.
- Durable, lightweight, and resistant to tearing, ensuring long-term protection and easy handling.
Cons:
- May be more expensive than regular tissue paper due to archival quality.
- Bulk packaging might be excessive for very small storage needs.
- Availability and pricing can vary across different online and offline stores.
White Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper (15.74in x 87.48yd, Unbuffered)
White Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper (15.74 inches by 87.48 yards) stands out as an ideal choice for anyone looking to preserve delicate items like artwork, documents, or collectibles over the long term. Its unbuffered, lignin-free composition guarantees items won’t yellow or become brittle, making it perfect for archival storage. The large roll minimizes creases and allows for easy cutting to fit various needs, while the white color offers a subtle, elegant look suitable for gifting or display. Lightweight yet durable, it provides excellent breathability and protection from environmental damage, helping keep your treasured items safe and pristine for years to come.
Best For: individuals and organizations seeking long-term preservation of delicate items such as artworks, documents, and collectibles.
Pros:
- Unbuffered, lignin-free material prevents yellowing and brittleness over time
- Large roll size allows for versatile cutting and minimal replacements
- Lightweight and breathable, offering effective protection against environmental damage
Cons:
- Thin material may tear more easily if handled roughly
- Requires gentle handling to avoid creases or damage during use
- Roll format may take up more storage space compared to smaller sheets
Fainne Archival Acid-Free Tissue Paper (200 Pcs)
The Fainne Archival Acid-Free Tissue Paper set is an ideal choice for anyone seeking safe, protective wrapping for delicate items. With 200 sheets measuring 24 x 36 inches, it provides ample coverage for various storage needs. Made from unbuffered, lignin-free, no-acid paper, it guarantees your artwork, photographs, jewelry, or textiles won’t suffer from humidity or deterioration. Lightweight yet durable, these sheets are easy to fold, wrap, or layer. Perfect for protecting, padding, or organizing items in your home or studio, this bulk pack offers reliable, acid-free preservation that keeps your valuables safe over time.
Best For: artists, collectors, and organizers seeking reliable, acid-free protection for delicate items during storage or transportation.
Pros:
- Made from high-quality, lignin-free, acid-free paper ensuring long-term preservation
- Large pack of 200 sheets provides ample material for multiple projects or storage needs
- Lightweight and foldable, making it easy to handle, wrap, and store
Cons:
- Bulk size may be excessive for small or occasional use
- No color variety; only available in white, limiting decorative options
- Slightly higher price point compared to non-archival tissue papers
White Acid-Free Buffered Tissue Paper
Are you looking for a reliable solution to preserve your valuable photographs, textiles, or heirlooms? White Acid-Free Buffered Tissue Paper by Foster-Stephens, Inc. offers 24 large sheets, perfect for long-term storage. Buffered to neutralize acids, it protects items from deterioration caused by acids, humidity, and light. Whether you’re interleaving photos, lining shelves, or wrapping textiles like wedding dresses or military uniforms, this tissue maintains your treasures’ integrity. With over 85 years of experience, Foster-Stephens ensures high quality and eco-friendliness. Its durability, size, and trusted reputation make it an ideal choice for safeguarding your heirlooms for generations to come.
Best For: collectors, archivists, and anyone seeking long-term preservation of photographs, textiles, and heirlooms.
Pros:
- Buffered to neutralize acids, protecting items from deterioration
- Large sheets (20 x 30 inches) suitable for various projects and items
- Eco-friendly, reusable, and recyclable materials aligned with sustainability
Cons:
- Limited to 24 sheets per pack, which may not suffice for extensive collections
- May require careful handling to avoid tearing due to its large size and paper weight
- Slightly higher cost compared to basic tissue papers without buffering or acid-free features
30 Sheets Acid Free Tissue Paper for Storage
Looking for a reliable way to protect your valuable documents, photos, or collectibles? The 30 Sheets Acid Free Tissue Paper for Storage from Vin Beauty is an excellent choice. Each sheet measures 20 x 30 inches, made from high-quality, lightweight, breathable, acid-free paper that safeguards against damage caused by acids and moisture. Its versatility makes it perfect for wrapping and storing photographs, antiques, textiles, or artwork. Plus, with 30 sheets included, you’ll have plenty of material for various projects. Whether you’re archiving items or preparing gifts, this tissue paper provides reliable protection and peace of mind for your most cherished possessions.
Best For: individuals or businesses seeking a dependable, acid-free tissue paper for protecting and presenting delicate items, archival storage, or gift wrapping.
Pros:
- Made from high-quality, archival-safe, acid-free paper that prevents damage to valuable items
- Large size (20 x 30 inches) provides versatile coverage for various objects and projects
- Breathable material helps protect items from moisture and acids, prolonging their preservation
Cons:
- Slightly heavier weight may be less suitable for very delicate or lightweight items requiring ultra-thin tissue
- Limited color options, as it only comes in white, which might not suit all aesthetic preferences
- Bulk packaging may be less convenient for small, quick projects or minimal storage needs
200 Sheets Acid-Free Tissue Paper for Storage
If you’re seeking reliable protection for your delicate items, sheets of acid-free tissue paper offer an ideal solution. With 200 sheets of white, high-quality, breathable paper, I have enough to handle various storage needs. Each sheet measures 24 x 36 inches, providing generous coverage and easy customization—cut, fold, or shape as needed. The sturdy yet lightweight material resists tearing, protects against moisture and dust, and guarantees your items stay clean. Whether you’re storing clothes, jewelry, or small valuables, these sheets make organizing effortless while maintaining an elegant presentation. They’re a versatile, dependable choice for safeguarding your precious possessions.
Best For: individuals seeking reliable, acid-free protection for delicate items such as jewelry, textiles, photos, and small valuables during storage or gift wrapping.
Pros:
- Made from high-quality, acid-free, breathable paper that prevents discoloration and deterioration
- Generous size (24 x 36 inches) allows for versatile customization and coverage
- Tearing-resistant yet lightweight, making handling and shaping easy
Cons:
- Bulk pack may be excessive for infrequent or small-scale use
- White color may show stains or dirt more easily over time
- Not suitable for very large or heavy items requiring more durable wrapping material
Acid-free White Tissue Paper 15 x 20, Pack of 20 Sheets
The Acid-Free White Tissue Paper 15 x 20, Pack of 20 Sheets, is an ideal choice for anyone seeking to preserve valuable or delicate items without risking damage from acids. These sheets are perfect for wrapping photos, heirlooms, jewelry, and fragile textiles, preventing tarnishing, yellowing, and fading over time. Manufactured by Fosters Chase Inc., a trusted brand since 1984, each sheet offers quality and reliability. The large 15 x 20-inch size makes wrapping easier, and the pack provides ample material for multiple projects. With its non-tarnishing, acid-free composition, it’s a must-have for archival storage and gift packaging.
Best For: collectors, archivists, and gift wrappers seeking a safe, acid-free material to preserve or present delicate and valuable items.
Pros:
- Acid-free and non-tarnishing, ensuring long-term preservation of photos, jewelry, and textiles
- Large 15 x 20-inch sheets provide versatile wrapping options and ample coverage
- Pack of 20 sheets offers good value for multiple projects and storage needs
Cons:
- May be more expensive than regular tissue paper due to archival quality
- Not suitable for heavy-duty packaging or items requiring extra cushioning
- Sheets are folded for shipping, which might require unfolding and smoothing before use
100 Sheets Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper for Storage
For anyone serious about preserving delicate items long-term, these acid-free archival tissue papers are an ideal choice. With 100 sheets measuring approximately 20 x 30 inches, they offer plenty of material for wrapping and storage. Made from lightweight, breathable, and recyclable paper, they’re free of lignin and acid, ensuring items won’t suffer from long-term damage. Resistant to tearing and fading, they protect against humidity, light, and acidity. Perfect for safeguarding documents, photographs, textiles, and heirlooms, these sheets provide durable, long-lasting preservation. Their versatility makes them suitable for home, archival, or gift storage, with enough quantity to share or store over time.
Best For: individuals and professionals seeking long-term preservation of delicate items like photographs, documents, textiles, and collectibles.
Pros:
- Made from high-quality, acid-free, and lignin-free material ensuring safe long-term storage
- Ample supply with 100 sheets, each measuring 20 x 30 inches, suitable for various applications
- Resistant to tearing and fading, providing durable protection against humidity, light, and environmental factors
Cons:
- Larger sheet size may require trimming for smaller items or specific uses
- Bulk packaging might be less convenient for quick, small-scale needs
- Cannot be used directly as an adhesive or sealing material without additional tools
Fainne Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper (600 Sheets)
Looking to protect and preserve your valuable textiles, photographs, or jewelry? The Fainne Acid-Free Archival Tissue Paper offers 600 sheets of high-quality, unbuffered, lignin-free material. Each 30 x 20-inch sheet is lightweight, breathable, and free of acids, preventing deterioration and corrosion over time. It’s perfect for long-term storage, wrapping delicate items, or packaging gifts. Its space-saving foldable design makes handling easy. Customers praise its suitability for clothing, antiques, and jewelry, though some note it can be thin and prone to spots if mishandled. Overall, it’s a reliable choice for safeguarding your treasured possessions.
Best For: individuals seeking a high-quality, acid-free solution for long-term storage, wrapping, and protecting textiles, photographs, jewelry, or small antiques.
Pros:
- Made of high-quality, unbuffered, lignin-free material that prevents deterioration
- Lightweight and breathable, reducing risk of damage or corrosion
- Space-saving foldable design for easy handling and storage
Cons:
- Can be thin and prone to wrinkling or spots if mishandled
- Some sheets may have large brown spots or imperfections
- Requires careful handling to avoid creasing or damage during use
100 Sheets Acid-Free Tissue Paper for Gift Wrapping and Crafting
If you need a reliable tissue paper that protects your delicate items from yellowing or degradation over time, acid-free sheets are an excellent choice. I recommend the 100 sheets of acid-free, lignin-free tissue paper, perfect for gift wrapping and crafting. Made from lightweight, breathable raw wood pulp, these sheets are durable, easy to fold, cut, and shape. Packaged conveniently in sets of 10, they prevent contamination and damage. Their high-quality, eco-friendly design guarantees your valuables, artwork, or DIY projects stay preserved without fading or yellowing, making them a versatile addition to your preservation and creative supplies.
Best For: those seeking high-quality, acid-free tissue paper for gift wrapping, crafts, or long-term preservation of delicate items.
Pros:
- Acid-free and lignin-free to prevent yellowing and degradation over time
- Durable, lightweight, and easy to fold, cut, and shape for versatile use
- Packaged in convenient sets of 10 sheets, reducing contamination and damage
Cons:
- Slight size variations due to manual measurement may occur
- Color may vary slightly depending on screen display and lighting conditions
- Not suitable for heavy-duty packaging or items requiring rigid support
RYKOMO 500 Sheets 15 x 20 Inch Acid-Free Tissue Paper
The RYKOMO 500 Sheets 15 x 20 Inch Acid-Free Tissue Paper stands out as an ideal choice for anyone needing reliable protection for delicate items. Its large, 15×20-inch size makes wrapping and safeguarding textiles, photos, and collectibles straightforward. Made from high-quality, lightweight, and tear-resistant paper, it’s resistant to fading and degradation. Being acid-free and unbuffered, it guarantees safe storage over time without damaging sensitive materials. Perfect for storage, gift wrapping, and crafts, this bulk pack offers excellent value. With a reputation for durability and versatility, it’s a dependable solution for preserving your most treasured items.
Best For: individuals and professionals seeking reliable, acid-free protection for delicate items like textiles, photos, artwork, and collectibles during storage or gift wrapping.
Pros:
- Acid-free and unbuffered, ensuring safe preservation of sensitive materials
- Large sheets (15×20 inches) ideal for wrapping various items and crafts
- Durable, tear-resistant, and resistant to fading, providing long-lasting protection
Cons:
- Sheets are thinner and smaller than some users expect, which may require multiple layers for certain applications
- Price may be higher compared to smaller or non-archival tissue papers, especially in smaller quantities
- Bulk packaging may be less convenient for occasional or minimal use
Factors to Consider When Choosing Acid Free Rug Tissue Paper
When choosing acid-free rug tissue paper, I consider factors like material quality, size, and environmental impact to guarantee proper protection. I also evaluate the specific protective features I need and compare prices, especially for bulk options. These points help me select the best tissue paper for my rug preservation needs.
Material Quality Standards
Choosing the right acid-free rug tissue paper hinges on understanding its material quality standards, which guarantee long-term protection for your textiles. High-quality tissue should be made from lignin-free, unbuffered materials to prevent discoloration and degradation over time. It needs to meet strict archival standards, ensuring it resists tearing, fading, and environmental damage during storage. The paper’s weight, often measured in GSM, indicates its durability; higher GSM typically offers better protection. Reputable tissue papers are tested for pH neutrality, so they won’t introduce acids that could harm delicate rugs. Additionally, certifications like ASTM or ISO compliance serve as proof of adherence to recognized conservation standards, giving you confidence in the material’s reliability and long-term safety for your precious carpets.
Size and Dimensions
Selecting the right size of acid-free rug tissue paper is vital to guarantee thorough protection without wasting material. Proper sizing ensures the tissue covers your rug completely, preventing exposure to dust, light, or moisture. Measure your rug carefully and choose tissue paper that matches or slightly exceeds those dimensions to avoid gaps. Larger sheets, such as 24 x 36 inches or more, are ideal for wrapping or interleaving bigger rugs, while smaller sizes work well for delicate or partial protection. Using appropriately sized tissue helps you avoid unnecessary waste and keeps costs down. Always double-check your rug’s measurements against the tissue paper’s dimensions to guarantee a proper fit. This careful approach maximizes protection and preserves your rug’s quality over time.
Environmental Compatibility
Ensuring environmental compatibility is vital when selecting acid-free rug tissue paper, as it directly affects the long-term preservation of your rugs. I look for tissue made from lignin-free, pH-neutral materials to prevent chemical reactions that could harm delicate fibers. The breathability of the paper is essential, as it allows moisture vapor to escape, reducing mold and mildew risks during storage. I also prefer tissue produced from recycled or sustainably sourced raw materials to minimize ecological impact. Additionally, unbuffered tissue prevents discoloration and degradation over time, even in varying temperature and humidity conditions. Choosing environmentally compatible tissue ensures your rugs stay protected without introducing harmful chemicals or contributing to environmental harm, making it a responsible and effective choice for long-term storage.
Protective Features Needed
When evaluating acid-free rug tissue paper, it’s important to focus on its protective features to guarantee your items are well-preserved. First, ensure the tissue is both acid-free and lignin-free to prevent chemical reactions that can cause deterioration over time. Opt for unbuffered tissue when handling delicate textiles that need a neutral pH environment. Good breathability and air permeability are essential to allow moisture to escape, reducing the risk of mold or mildew. The tissue should resist tearing, fading, and discoloration to provide long-lasting protection for sensitive items. Finally, choose a lightweight yet durable material that cushions and safeguards without adding unnecessary bulk or weight. These features work together to ensure your carpets stay protected and preserved for years to come.
Price and Bulk Options
Buying acid-free rug tissue paper in bulk can considerably lower your overall costs, especially if you have large storage or preservation needs. Many suppliers offer discounts or tiered pricing for orders of 100 sheets or more, making bulk purchases more economical. When comparing prices, consider the size and weight of the sheets, as larger or heavier options might cost more upfront but provide better value for extensive use. Some brands sell multi-pack bundles that include different sizes or quantities, offering both cost savings and versatility. It’s essential to balance price with quality and archival features, ensuring that bulk options don’t compromise the tissue paper’s protective qualities. Overall, buying in bulk can be a smart way to ensure you have enough high-quality, acid-free tissue for long-term carpet preservation.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Does Acid-Free Tissue Paper Prevent Carpet Discoloration?
You’re wondering how acid-free tissue paper prevents carpet discoloration. I’ve found that it acts as a protective barrier, preventing dust, dirt, and moisture from direct contact. Since it’s acid-free, it won’t emit acids that can degrade fibers or cause dyes to fade over time. I always use it when storing or covering carpets, because it preserves the color and quality, keeping my carpets looking fresh and vibrant longer.
Can Acid-Free Tissue Paper Be Reused for Multiple Storage Periods?
Sure, I can reuse acid-free tissue paper for multiple storage periods, but I always check for any signs of dirt or damage first. While it’s a cost-effective option, I prefer to inspect it closely—like I’d want others to do—to guarantee it remains clean and effective. Reusing works well if the paper stays pristine, but I wouldn’t risk it if it shows any discoloration or tears.
Are There Eco-Friendly Options for Acid-Free Rug Tissue Paper?
You’re wondering if eco-friendly options for acid-free rug tissue paper exist. I’ve found that many brands now offer biodegradable and recycled fiber tissue papers that are gentle on the environment. These options don’t compromise on preservation quality, so you can protect your carpets while reducing your ecological footprint. I recommend looking for products labeled as eco-friendly or made from sustainable materials—it’s a win-win for your rugs and the planet.
How Does Buffered Tissue Paper Differ From Unbuffered Types?
Buffered tissue paper contains an alkaline substance, usually calcium carbonate, which helps neutralize acids that can harm delicate materials. Unbuffered tissue lacks this extra buffering agent, making it more suitable for sensitive, naturally acidic items. I prefer buffered paper for added protection, especially for vintage textiles. However, if you’re dealing with fragile or naturally acidic items, unbuffered paper is often the better choice to avoid altering their original composition.
What Are the Signs That Tissue Paper Is Truly Acid-Free?
Think of acid-free tissue paper as a gentle guardian for your treasures. To spot truly acid-free paper, I look for labels stating “acid-free” or “pH neutral,” usually with a pH of 7. You might also test it with pH strips or check for a smooth, white surface—free of discoloration or acidic odors. Trustworthy brands clearly mark their products, giving you peace of mind that your items stay safe.
Conclusion
Choosing the right acid-free tissue paper is like selecting a loyal guardian for your treasured carpets. With the right choice, you’re wrapping your prized possessions in a gentle, invisible armor that stands the test of time. So, trust your instincts and pick the one that feels like a whisper of preservation. After all, your cherished rugs deserve nothing less than a tender embrace from these exquisite, safeguarding layers.
